Category: Tech

Technology

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Format hard drive using fdisk

Got an ATA hard drive hooked to an external USB package and need to reformat the disk to ext3 system.

First, I run fdisk to see what content it has
fdisk -l /dev/sda1

Then, I re-partition it using
fdisk /dev/sda1
select option d to delete the old partion,
and then option n to add a new partition, where I choose the primary partition instead of the extended one. There will be complaint about it’s too large, but since this disk is not going to be used as a boot disk, so I don’t care

Next, I create the ext3 file system on the partition
/sbin/mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sda1

After it’s done, I can mount it to my Linux system
mount /dev/sda1 /disk3

Optionally, I can change the percentage of reserved blocks using tune2fs, e.g., from the default 5% to 3%
tune2fs -m3 /dev/sda

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GPG configuration

Configuration:

1) Copy all key files to the folder under the home directory called .gnupg.
2) Edit file gpg.conf, unmark and change the line
default-recipient me@hongyu.org

Encrypt:
gpg –encrypt-files *

Decrypt:
gpg –decrypt-files *.gpg

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Install/Update Linux Kernel

Download and compile kernel

first, download kernel source, like kernel.***.src.rpm

after extract it, go to the /usr/src/linux***
make clean
make menuconfig
make dep
make bzImage
make modules
make modules_install
make install

yum update kernel

download from SRPMS
ftp://ftp.muug.mb.ca/pub/fedora/linux/core/5/source/SRPMS/kernel-2.6.15-1.2054_FC5.src.rpm

yum install kernel-source
yum update kernel-source

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APF

To modify the blocked IP address, modify file /etc/apf/deny_hosts.rules, then restart the apf daemon “/etc/apf/apf -r”